Our lab mainly studies the pathogenesis of important diseases caused by bacterial infection. In particular, we are interested in bacterial exotoxins, which promote the happening and development of infectious diseases by directly damaging host cells, impairing immune systems, and various other ways. We apply both classic and edge-cutting experimental approaches to investigate the molecular, cellular, structural, and pathological mechanisms of how bacterial toxins and effector proteins target and interfere with important host functions. Along the lines of basic research, we are also keen on translating our insights and knowledge toward developing new scientific tools as well as novel therapeutics. Our current research mainly focuses on the basic study of the molecular mechanism of bacterial toxin actions, translational research on developing novel applications based on toxins, and unveiling the principles of how bacterial pathogens adapt to complex host environments.